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一、矩阵的运算

小题

(一)对概念和运算法则的考查

  1. 【1995-5-3分】n\displaystyle n维行向量α=(12,0,,0,12)\displaystyle \alpha=(\dfrac{1}{2},0,\cdots,0,\dfrac{1}{2}),矩阵A=EαTα\displaystyle A=E-\alpha^T\alphaB=E+2αTα\displaystyle B=E+2\alpha^T\alpha,其中E\displaystyle En\displaystyle n阶单位矩阵,则AB\displaystyle AB等于( ).

A. O\displaystyle O    B. A\displaystyle A    C. E\displaystyle E    D. E+αTα\displaystyle E+\alpha^T\alpha

  1. 【1999-34-3分】A=(101020101)\displaystyle A=\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 2 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 1\end{pmatrix}n2\displaystyle n\geq2为正整数,则An2An1=\displaystyle A^n-2A^{n-1}=

  2. 【2003-34-4分】n\displaystyle n维向量α=(a,0,,0,a)T\displaystyle \alpha=(a,0,\cdots,0,a)^Ta<0\displaystyle a<0E\displaystyle En\displaystyle n阶单位矩阵,矩阵A=EααT\displaystyle A=E-\alpha\alpha^TB=E+1aααT\displaystyle B=E+\dfrac{1}{a}\alpha\alpha^T,其中A\displaystyle A的逆矩阵为B\displaystyle B,则a=\displaystyle a=

  3. 【2003-2-4分】α\displaystyle \alpha为3维列向量,αT\displaystyle \alpha^Tα\displaystyle \alpha的转置,若ααT=(111111111)\displaystyle \alpha\alpha^T=\begin{pmatrix}1 & -1 & 1 \\ -1 & 1 & -1 \\ 1 & -1 & 1\end{pmatrix},则αTα=\displaystyle \alpha^T\alpha=

  4. 【2004-4-4分】A=(010100001)\displaystyle A=\begin{pmatrix}0 & -1 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -1\end{pmatrix}B=P1AP\displaystyle B=P^{-1}AP,其中P\displaystyle P为三阶可逆矩阵,则B20042A2=\displaystyle B^{2004}-2A^2=

  5. 【2017-2-4分】A\displaystyle A为3阶矩阵,P=(α1,α2,α3)\displaystyle P=(\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3)为可逆矩阵,使得P1AP=(000010002)\displaystyle P^{-1}AP=\begin{pmatrix}0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 2\end{pmatrix},则A(α1+α2+α3)=\displaystyle A(\alpha_1+\alpha_2+\alpha_3)=( )

A. α1+α2\displaystyle \alpha_1+\alpha_2 B. α2+2α3\displaystyle \alpha_2+2\alpha_3 C. α2+α3\displaystyle \alpha_2+\alpha_3 D. α1+2α2\displaystyle \alpha_1+2\alpha_2

  1. 【1994-12-3分】 已知α=(1,2,3)\displaystyle \alpha=(1,2,3)β=(1,12,13)\displaystyle \beta=(1,\dfrac{1}{2},\dfrac{1}{3}),设A=αTβ\displaystyle A=\alpha^T\beta,其中αT\displaystyle \alpha^Tα\displaystyle \alpha的转置,则An=\displaystyle A^n=

  2. 【1991-12-3分】n\displaystyle n阶方阵A,B,C\displaystyle A,B,C满足关系式ABC=E\displaystyle ABC=E,其中E\displaystyle En\displaystyle n阶单位矩阵,则必有( ).

A. ACB=E\displaystyle ACB=E    B. CBA=E\displaystyle CBA=E    C. BAC=E\displaystyle BAC=E    D. BCA=E\displaystyle BCA=E

大题

(一)对概念和运算法则的考查

  1. 【1988-12-6分】 已知
P=(100210211),B=(100000001)P=\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0 & 0 \\ 2 & -1 & 0 \\ 2 & 1 & 1\end{pmatrix},B=\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -1\end{pmatrix}

AP=PB\displaystyle AP=PB,求A\displaystyle AA5\displaystyle A^5